Hackamore
The hackamore is a bitless bridle that acts on the nose, chin and poll instead of the mouth.
What is it for?
It steers the horse through pressure on the nose without a bit in the mouth.
More about this item
There are simple bitless models and mechanical hackamores with shanks that act as levers; longer shanks give more leverage. A related western form is the bosal, a stiff noseband.
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Sources: Riding & Harness Stuff · The Pony Club (UK). Descriptive only; not care or training advice.